![]() Additionally, a new optimisation process for contact detection is described, one which significantly diminishes computational costs and therefore analysis time. The integration over time process and the numerical solution algorithm presented by T.I. For that, Newton’s second law, the force–displacement law, Hertz’s contact law, and some concepts from particle mechanics are defined. ![]() Following this, the DEM formulation is described, corresponding to the force and movement equations acting on each particle. First, theoretical aspects of soil mechanics and the physical properties of some types of granular materials are presented, and the material properties are used afterwards in numerical examples. ![]() This work examines the Discrete Element Method (DEM), also known as the particle method, for its application in soil mechanics, specifically to calculate the tension acting on granular materials without cohesion.
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